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| The first numerals in designations display average content of carbon in hundredths of percent (in high-carbon tool steels - tenths of percent). Numerals, which follow the letter, indicate approximate content of the given alloying element (if element content is less than 1%, numeral is absent) |
| The denomination of alloy grades consist only of letter designation of elements, except nickel after which the digits of its average percentage are placed. The letters -ВИ at the and of the precision alloy designation denote the vacuum-inductive production |
| Russian letter | ISO | GOST |
| Х | Kh | H |
| Ю | Yu | JU |
| Ж | Zh | ZH |
| Ц | Ts | TS |
| Ш | Sh | SH |
| Ч | Ch | CH |
| Э | Eh | E- |
| Я | Ya | IA |
| Element | English | Russian letter | Russian |
| Fe | ferrum | - | железо |
| C | carbon | - | углерод |
| Si | silicon | С | кремний |
| Mn | manganese | Г | марганец |
| Ni | nickel | Н | никель |
| S | sulphur | - | сера |
| P | phosphorus | П | фосфор |
| Cr | chromium | Х | хром |
| Ce | cerium | - | церий |
| Mo | molybdenum | M | молибден |
| W | tungsten | В | вольфрам |
| V | vanadium | Ф | ванадий |
| Co | cobalt | К | кобальт |
| N | nitrogen | A * | азот |
| Nb | niobium | Б | ниобий |
| Ti | titanium | Т | титан |
| Al | aluminium | Ю | алюминий |
| Cu | copper | Д | медь |
| Pb | lead | - | свинец |
| As | arsenic | - | мышьяк |
| Zr | zirconium | Ц | цирконий |
| B | boron | P | бор |
| Ba | barium | - | барий |
| Se | selenium | E | селен |
| Ca | calcium | - | кальций |
| Mg | magnesium | - | магний |
| Be | beryllium | Л * * | бериллий |
| Ag | silver | - | серебро |
| O | oxygen | - | кислород |
| Sb | antimony | - | сурьма |
| Bi | bismuth | - | висмут |
| Sn | tin | - | олово |
| Te | tellurium | - | теллур |
| Zn | zinc | - | цинк |
| Cd | cadmium | - | кадмий |
| Na | sodium | - | натрий |
| Nd | neodymium | - | неодим |
| La | lanthanum | - | лантан |
| Li | lithium | - | н литий |
| Y | ittrium | - | иттрий |
| Cl | chlorine | - | хлор |
| H | hydrogen | - | водород |
| * - the letter A at the end of designation indicates limited content of sulphur and phosphorus; it also indicates a high-quality steel's metallurgical production. | |||
| * * - the letter Л at the end of designation denotes the casting steel. | |||
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